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muddle 英 式和美式 IELTS SAT TEM8

瀏覽量:185    發(fā)布時間:2020-08-24

America has grown healthily and the rest of the world has muddled along.
美國經(jīng)濟(jì)健康增長,世界其他地區(qū)也還算過得去。
——《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》
Yes, Southern Europe is experiencing an economic crisis thanks to that money muddle.
是的,由于貨幣引發(fā)的混亂,歐洲南部正在經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。
——《紐約時報》

基本釋義

[verb] bring into a disordered or confusing state
[動詞] 使陷入混亂或令人費(fèi)解的狀態(tài)


深入解讀

看到 muddle 一詞,小站的老鐵們應(yīng)該不難想起差不多一年前推過的 小詞詳解 | meddle ,這兩個單詞不僅形似,而且含義也稍稍有些接近。別第一眼覺得 muddle 很陌生,其實它可能衍生自英語單詞 mud (爛泥、泥漿、淤泥),也可能直接源自中古荷蘭語 moddelen (使水等渾濁),其基本含義即像把水弄渾一樣“弄亂、攪渾”,多指將事物以錯誤的順序弄亂或混淆,比如:

別動——你會弄亂我的文件的。我可是花了好長時間才整理好的。
Don't do that─you're muddling my papers. It took me a long time to collate them.
他們神秘隱晦的情書都亂七八糟地放在一個抽屜里。
Their cryptic love letters were all muddled up together in a drawer.

這個概念也可以用在人身上,把腦袋弄亂,即表示“使困惑、使糊涂”,以及指酒、麻醉藥等“使?fàn)€醉、使昏昏沉沉”,比如:

說慢點(diǎn)兒——你都把我搞糊涂了。我真搞不懂你在說什么。
Slow down a little─you're muddling me. I really couldn't fathom what you are talking about.
那男人醉醺醺地踉蹌著走出了酒吧。他喝了兩杯就醉了。
The man lurched drunkenly out of the pub. Two drinks muddled him.

東西弄混之后或者腦袋亂了之后,就容易分不清兩個比較相似的人或物以至于不知道哪個是哪個,這可以用 muddle sb/sth (up) 或 muddle A (up) with B 表示某人“混淆、攪渾、分不清”,比如:

我搞錯了日期,早到了一個星期。
I muddled the dates and arrived a week early.

雖然混亂不是件好事,但有時候我們在缺乏相應(yīng)的知識、信息、設(shè)備等時,甚至都不知道自己在干什么,也要蒙混過關(guān)達(dá)成目標(biāo),這就可以用 muddle through 表示“胡亂應(yīng)付過去”,與小站之前在 小詞詳解 | brazen 中提到的 brazen it/sth out (厚著臉皮硬挺過去)有些近義,比如:

你不必為這事吵吵嚷嚷。我們能想辦法應(yīng)付過去。
You don't have to be blatant about it. We'll muddle through somehow.
顯然媒體已被封了口,因為什么都沒有報道?,F(xiàn)在我們能做的頂多就是設(shè)法保持冷靜,蒙混過關(guān)。
The media has obviously been gagged because nothing has been reported. The best we can do now is try to stay cool and muddle through.

而在英式英語中還有一種混法叫 muddle along ,指的是“混日子、得過且過”,比如:

我們不能就這樣混日子。我們必須設(shè)法擺脫貧困的煎熬。
We can't just keep muddling along like this. We must contrive a way to escape the grinding poverty.

用作名詞時, muddle 除了自然表示“糊涂、困惑、茫然”以及“混亂、亂七八糟”外,也可以用 muddle about/over sth 表示局面“一團(tuán)糟、混亂”,比如:

我曾在一家戲院兼職當(dāng)引座員。那里的戲票管理問題一團(tuán)糟。
I did part-time work as an usher in a theatre. There was a muddle over the theatre tickets.

雙語名著
Bagovut, a sturdy old general of placid disposition, had been worried too by all the delays, the muddles, and the contradictory orders, and, to the amazement of everybody, he flew into a violent rage, quite out of keeping with his character, and said some very nasty things to Toll.
巴戈烏特是一個文靜的、能征善戰(zhàn)的老將軍,他也因為一路拖延、混亂和錯誤百出被搞得筋疲力竭,令人驚訝的是,他一反平日的溫文爾雅,大發(fā)雷霆,他對托爾說了許多難聽的話。
出自俄國作家列夫·托爾斯泰( Leo Tolstoy)創(chuàng)作的長篇小說《戰(zhàn)爭與和平》(War and Peace)。本書于1865年到1869年出版,講述歐洲拿破侖時期俄羅斯所發(fā)生的事。《戰(zhàn)爭與和平》自從問世以來,一直被認(rèn)為是世界上最偉大的小說之一。

同近義詞

jumble: mix up in a confused or untidy way
disarrange: make (something) untidy or disordered
scramble: make (something) jumbled or muddled
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