excoriate 英 式和 美 式 SAT GRE
瀏覽量:335 發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-08-22
In 1965 Ralph Nader published “Unsafe at Any Speed”, a bestselling book that exposed and excoriated the industry’s lax attitude.
1965年,拉爾夫·納德出版了《任何速度都不安全》,這本暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)揭示并痛斥了汽車(chē)制造業(yè)的懶散態(tài)度。
——《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》
Warren Buffett is latest billionaire to excoriate Donald Trump.
沃倫·巴菲特是最新一位斥責(zé)唐納德·特朗普的億萬(wàn)富翁。
——《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》
基本釋義
[verb] damage or remove part of the surface of (the skin)
[動(dòng)詞] 損傷或去除(皮膚)表面的一部分
深入解讀
Excoriate 一詞源自晚期拉丁語(yǔ) excoriare (剝皮),15世紀(jì)初進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)時(shí)原指“剝?nèi)嘶騽?dòng)物的皮,以任何方式破壞和去除皮膚的外層”,可以與剝水果、蔬菜等皮的熟詞 peel 聯(lián)想記憶。這個(gè)基本含義發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在主要是用在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域作為一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)表示“擦破、擦傷、剝落”皮膚,比如:
我絆了一下,摔了個(gè)四腳朝天。同時(shí),我的雙腿被尖刺擦破了。
I tripped and went sprawling. At the same time, my legs were excoriated by the prickles.
而到了18世紀(jì)初, excoriate 開(kāi)始引申為一個(gè)正式用語(yǔ)表示“嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé)、痛斥”,多指在公共場(chǎng)合以一種非常嚴(yán)厲的方式批評(píng)某人、某個(gè)組織以及作品、觀點(diǎn)、政治行為等,好比剝?nèi)艘粚悠つ前銍?yán)厲,比如:
他開(kāi)始在護(hù)士面前痛斥那位醫(yī)生。
He proceeded to excoriate the doctor in front of the nurses.
這位總統(tǒng)痛斥西方新聞界充滿(mǎn)偏見(jiàn)的觀點(diǎn)和居高臨下的態(tài)度。
The president excoriated the Western press for their biased views and condescending attitudes.
雙語(yǔ)名著
The diamonds and rubies seem wet, and make veiled beings in the shadow below weep, their sides bruised with the hair shirt and their iron-tipped scourges, their breasts crushed with wicker hurdles, their knees excoriated with prayer; women who think themselves wives, spectres who think themselves seraphim.
金剛鉆和紅寶石都好象是濕潤(rùn)的,一些婦女戴著面紗,腰肢被氈毛內(nèi)衣和鐵針制成的鞭子扎得遍體鱗傷,雙乳被柳條網(wǎng)緊緊束住,膝頭因祈禱而皮破血流,伏在雕像下的黑暗中哭泣,那是些以神妻自居的凡婦,以天女自居的幽靈。
出自法國(guó)作家維克多·雨果的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《悲慘世界》(Les Misérables,原意為“悲慘的人們”“可憐的人們”)。該小說(shuō)是19世紀(jì)最著名的小說(shuō)之一,故事的主線(xiàn)圍繞主人公土倫苦刑犯冉·阿讓?zhuān)↗ean Valjean)的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷,融進(jìn)了法國(guó)的歷史、革命、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、道德哲學(xué)、法律、正義、宗教信仰等,多次被改編演繹成影視作品。
同近義詞
chafe: (with reference to a part of the body) make or become sore by rubbing against something
abrade: scrape or wear away by friction or erosion
scrape: rub or cause to rub by accident against a rough or hard surface, causing damage or injury
1965年,拉爾夫·納德出版了《任何速度都不安全》,這本暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)揭示并痛斥了汽車(chē)制造業(yè)的懶散態(tài)度。
——《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》
Warren Buffett is latest billionaire to excoriate Donald Trump.
沃倫·巴菲特是最新一位斥責(zé)唐納德·特朗普的億萬(wàn)富翁。
——《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》
基本釋義
[verb] damage or remove part of the surface of (the skin)
[動(dòng)詞] 損傷或去除(皮膚)表面的一部分
深入解讀
Excoriate 一詞源自晚期拉丁語(yǔ) excoriare (剝皮),15世紀(jì)初進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)時(shí)原指“剝?nèi)嘶騽?dòng)物的皮,以任何方式破壞和去除皮膚的外層”,可以與剝水果、蔬菜等皮的熟詞 peel 聯(lián)想記憶。這個(gè)基本含義發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在主要是用在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域作為一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)表示“擦破、擦傷、剝落”皮膚,比如:
我絆了一下,摔了個(gè)四腳朝天。同時(shí),我的雙腿被尖刺擦破了。
I tripped and went sprawling. At the same time, my legs were excoriated by the prickles.
而到了18世紀(jì)初, excoriate 開(kāi)始引申為一個(gè)正式用語(yǔ)表示“嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé)、痛斥”,多指在公共場(chǎng)合以一種非常嚴(yán)厲的方式批評(píng)某人、某個(gè)組織以及作品、觀點(diǎn)、政治行為等,好比剝?nèi)艘粚悠つ前銍?yán)厲,比如:
他開(kāi)始在護(hù)士面前痛斥那位醫(yī)生。
He proceeded to excoriate the doctor in front of the nurses.
這位總統(tǒng)痛斥西方新聞界充滿(mǎn)偏見(jiàn)的觀點(diǎn)和居高臨下的態(tài)度。
The president excoriated the Western press for their biased views and condescending attitudes.
雙語(yǔ)名著
The diamonds and rubies seem wet, and make veiled beings in the shadow below weep, their sides bruised with the hair shirt and their iron-tipped scourges, their breasts crushed with wicker hurdles, their knees excoriated with prayer; women who think themselves wives, spectres who think themselves seraphim.
金剛鉆和紅寶石都好象是濕潤(rùn)的,一些婦女戴著面紗,腰肢被氈毛內(nèi)衣和鐵針制成的鞭子扎得遍體鱗傷,雙乳被柳條網(wǎng)緊緊束住,膝頭因祈禱而皮破血流,伏在雕像下的黑暗中哭泣,那是些以神妻自居的凡婦,以天女自居的幽靈。
出自法國(guó)作家維克多·雨果的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《悲慘世界》(Les Misérables,原意為“悲慘的人們”“可憐的人們”)。該小說(shuō)是19世紀(jì)最著名的小說(shuō)之一,故事的主線(xiàn)圍繞主人公土倫苦刑犯冉·阿讓?zhuān)↗ean Valjean)的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷,融進(jìn)了法國(guó)的歷史、革命、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、道德哲學(xué)、法律、正義、宗教信仰等,多次被改編演繹成影視作品。
同近義詞
chafe: (with reference to a part of the body) make or become sore by rubbing against something
abrade: scrape or wear away by friction or erosion
scrape: rub or cause to rub by accident against a rough or hard surface, causing damage or injury